What is an Epigraph in a Book: Definition & Examples for 2026

Did you know that a well-chosen epigraph can set the tone for an entire book before the first page? Understanding this literary device can elevate your writing and engage readers from the start.

What is an Epigraph?

An epigraph is a "short quotation" or "phrase" that appears at the beginning of a literary work, such as a book, chapter, or section. It serves as a thematic or mood-setting device without directly narrating the story, acting as a quick preview of what’s to come.

While it’s often confused with similar terms, an epigraph is distinct from epitaphs (inscriptions on tombstones), epithets (descriptive phrases), or epilogues (final sections of novels). Its primary purpose is to introduce themes or establish mood through a succinct literary device.

The word "epigraph" is pronounced EP-ih-graff and has Greek origins. According to the Oxford Dictionary, it is defined as "a short quotation or saying at the beginning of a book or chapter, intended to suggest its theme."

The Function of an Epigraph

Epigraphs are placed at the beginning of a book to "set the tone" and "establish mood" before the reader dives into the main narrative. They act as literary tools that prepare readers emotionally and intellectually for the story.

By introducing a "literary quote" or a thought-provoking phrase, they can also "introduce themes" that will be explored further. For example, many of the famous books like "The Great Gatsby" or "Moby Dick" feature epigraphs that encapsulate themes and provide context for the story.

Epigraphs can also serve to "foreshadow" upcoming conflicts or plot points, building curiosity and suspense. They often hint at deeper layers of meaning, especially when they connect the work to other literary traditions or ideas, lending credibility and depth to the "book introduction." For more on this, see our guide on much does cost.

Examples of Epigraphs

Many classic works feature memorable epigraphs that help "introduce themes" and enrich the reading experience. For instance, "The Great Gatsby" opens with a quote from Thomas Hardy’s poem, emphasizing themes of longing and disillusionment.

Similarly, Herman Melville’s "Moby Dick" begins with a quote from Shakespeare, setting a tone of obsession and the unknown. These literary quotes are carefully selected to relate to the main themes and to provide a lens through which to interpret the story.

In contemporary and nonfiction works, authors often use epigraphs to make political statements, add humor, or establish cultural references. For example, a memoir might include a humorous or poignant quote to encapsulate its tone before the reader begins.

How to Write an Epigraph

Choosing the right quote is crucial. It should be relevant, concise, and resonate with the themes of your work. Sources can include literature, poetry, speeches, or song lyrics—anything that encapsulates the essence of your story.

When formatting an epigraph, it’s standard to use quotation marks or set it off as a block quote, often italicized or in quotation marks. It should be placed before the main text, either on a dedicated page or section, to distinguish it clearly from the rest of the front matter.

Attribution is essential. The source should be clearly credited on a new line, often preceded by an em dash. Proper citation maintains professionalism and respects intellectual property rights. For example, a quote from a famous book might be attributed as "— William Shakespeare". For more on this, see our guide on author facebook groups.

Differences Between Epigraph and Other Front Matter

While epigraphs are brief literary quotes, they are often confused with other front matter elements like prefaces, forewords, or epilogues. An epigraph is a "literary device" placed at the beginning of a work, whereas a preface or foreword tends to be longer and provides context or background about the author or the writing process.

Epigraphs differ from epitaphs, which are inscriptions on tombstones, and from epilogues, which appear at the end of a book to wrap up or reflect on the story. Understanding these distinctions helps writers use each element appropriately and effectively in their "literary analysis".

Purpose and Impact of Epigraphs

Authors use epigraphs to "set the tone" and "introduce themes" that will be explored in depth later. They can also make a work feel more connected to the larger literary or cultural universe, especially in "canonical literature".

In nonfiction, epigraphs lend credibility or highlight the importance of the subject. They serve as an engaging "book introduction" that can evoke curiosity or emotional response from the reader, making the reading experience richer and more layered.

Modern trends show authors increasingly using epigraphs for political statements, humor, or thematic links across chapters, making this literary device a versatile tool for creative storytelling.

How to Choose and Use Epigraphs Effectively

Best practices include selecting concise, relevant, and impactful quotations. Ensure the "literary context" of the quote aligns with your work’s themes, whether it’s from a famous book or a lesser-known gem. For more on this, see our guide on write ebook beginners.

Avoid common mistakes like irrelevant quotations or poor formatting, which can confuse readers or dilute the impact. Overusing epigraphs can also diminish their effectiveness, so choose carefully where and when to include them.

Decide whether to place epigraphs at the start of the book, at chapter beginnings, or both. Consistency in formatting and attribution helps maintain a professional appearance and enhances the reading experience.

The Creative Evolution of Epigraphs in Literature

Throughout history, epigraphs have evolved from classical literature to modern works. Early authors used them mainly to "introduce themes" and set the scene, but today, they’re often employed for political statements, humor, or cultural commentary.

Tools like LitCharts and Jericho Writers help authors find suitable quotes, while platforms like Automateed can assist in formatting and sourcing, making it easier to incorporate effective epigraphs into your "front matter".

Conclusion: Mastering the Art of Epigraphs

Understanding how to craft and incorporate epigraphs can greatly enhance your writing by providing depth and context. When you choose the right literary quotations, they serve as powerful tools to introduce your work’s themes and set the mood.

With thoughtful selection and proper formatting, epigraphs can elevate your book's presentation and engage readers right from the start. Experiment with different placements and sources to find what best suits your style and story. For more on this, see our guide on write ebook.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the purpose of an epigraph in a book?

The purpose of an epigraph is to "set the tone" and "introduce themes" before the reader begins the main content, often providing a literary quote that encapsulates the work’s mood or message.

How do you choose an epigraph for a book?

Select a quote that is relevant, concise, and resonant with your work’s themes. It should be a literary device that enhances understanding and curiosity without overwhelming the reader.

What is the difference between an epigraph and a preface?

An epigraph is a brief quotation or phrase placed at the beginning of a book, while a preface is a longer, explanatory section written by the author to provide context or background about the work.

Can an epigraph be a poem?

Yes, a poem can serve as an epigraph, especially if it encapsulates the themes or mood of the work. Short poems or excerpts from longer poems are common choices for this literary device.

Are epigraphs necessary in a book?

They are not strictly necessary but are highly effective in setting the mood, establishing themes, and engaging readers at the outset, especially in literary or academic works.

How do you format an epigraph?

Epigraphs are typically formatted as block quotations, set off from surrounding text, and often italicized or enclosed in quotation marks. Proper attribution follows on a new line, usually preceded by an em dash.